Which of the following are growths on the sclera due to excessive sun exposure?

The correct answer highlights conditions known as pinguecula and pterygia, which are specifically associated with excessive sun exposure. Both of these growths form on the conjunctiva and sclera of the eye, often as a response to environmental factors, primarily ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun.

Pinguecula is a yellowish, raised growth that typically appears on the white part of the eye (the sclera) and is usually benign. It is associated with chronic sun exposure and can become more pronounced in individuals who spend a lot of time outdoors without adequate eye protection.

Pterygium, on the other hand, is a more extensive growth that can invade the cornea and may affect vision if it becomes large enough. Like pinguecula, pterygium develops due to prolonged UV exposure and can also be influenced by wind and dust exposure.

Recognizing these growths as consequences of sun exposure is crucial, especially for those who work or spend significant time outdoors. Proper protective measures, such as wearing UV-blocking sunglasses, can help prevent these conditions from developing.

The other options do not accurately describe growths specifically caused by sun exposure. Polyps and nodules are more general terms for different types of abnormal growths