What is the name of the condition characterized by a gradual loss of central vision?

The condition characterized by a gradual loss of central vision is known as macular degeneration. This is a progressive eye disease that affects the macula, which is the part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. As the macula deteriorates, individuals experience a gradual decline in their ability to see fine details, which can significantly impact daily activities such as reading and recognizing faces.

Macular degeneration can be categorized into two types: dry and wet. The dry form is more common and leads to a gradual vision loss, while the wet form is less common but more severe and can result in rapid vision loss. Understanding this condition highlights the importance of regular eye exams, especially for older adults, to monitor changes in vision and to explore potential treatments if necessary.

The other conditions mentioned, such as glaucoma, cataracts, and retinal detachment, affect vision differently and may involve peripheral vision loss, blurry vision due to cloudy lenses, or sudden visual disturbances, respectively. Hence, macular degeneration specifically pertains to the central vision decline.